Tag routine

Supporting Children with ADHD in Schools: Strategies for Educational Success

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects many children and can present challenges in educational settings, including difficulties with focus, organization, and emotional regulation. However, with proper support, schools can play a crucial role in helping children with ADHD thrive academically and socially. This article outlines evidence-based strategies that educators and administrators can implement to support children with ADHD in achieving educational success.

1. Provide Structured and Predictable Routines

Children with ADHD benefit from consistent routines that reduce uncertainty and help them focus.

• Why it works: Predictable schedules minimize distractions and promote self-regulation (Barkley, 2021).

• Implementation: Schools can use visual schedules, consistent class routines, and clear transitions between activities. Providing a daily agenda at the beginning of the day can help students anticipate tasks and prepare mentally.

2. Use Individualized Education Plans (IEPs) and 504 Plans

For students with ADHD, accommodations through IEPs or 504 Plans can address their unique needs.

• Why it works: These plans allow for tailored interventions, helping students access the curriculum effectively (DuPaul & Stoner, 2014).

• Implementation: Accommodations may include extended test time, preferential seating, or modified assignments to reduce cognitive overload.

3. Incorporate Movement Breaks

Frequent physical activity helps children with ADHD regulate their energy and improve focus.

• Why it works: Research shows that movement increases dopamine levels, enhancing attention and motivation (Halperin et al., 2020).

• Implementation: Integrate short movement breaks, such as stretching, walking, or classroom yoga, between lessons. Schools can also provide fidget tools or standing desks for students who struggle with sitting still.

4. Offer Clear and Concise Instructions

Children with ADHD often struggle with processing lengthy or complex directions.

• Why it works: Simplifying instructions reduces cognitive strain and helps students stay focused (Zentall, 2015).

• Implementation: Use step-by-step directions, written instructions, and visual aids. Check for understanding by having students repeat instructions back to the teacher.

5. Provide Positive Reinforcement

Reinforcing positive behavior can motivate students with ADHD to stay on task and meet expectations.

• Why it works: Positive reinforcement fosters a growth mindset and builds self-esteem (Millichap, 2021).

• Implementation: Use praise, reward systems, or token economies to celebrate small successes. Focus on effort and improvement rather than solely on outcomes.

6. Create an ADHD-Friendly Classroom Environment

A well-structured and minimally distracting classroom can help students stay focused.

• Why it works: Environmental adjustments reduce sensory overload and support sustained attention (Pfeiffer, 2022).

• Implementation: Use organizational tools like color-coded folders, labeled bins, and clutter-free desks. Position students away from high-traffic areas and provide quiet zones for focused work.

7. Teach Executive Function Skills

Children with ADHD often need support developing skills such as time management and organization.

• Why it works: Strengthening executive function helps students manage their workload and responsibilities (Zelazo & Lyons, 2012).

• Implementation: Introduce tools like planners, checklists, and digital calendars. Teach students to break down assignments into smaller steps and set achievable goals.

8. Foster Open Communication with Families

Collaboration with parents ensures consistency in strategies used at home and school.

• Why it works: A team-based approach improves problem-solving and creates a unified support system (DuPaul et al., 2011).

• Implementation: Schedule regular parent-teacher conferences, send home progress reports, and maintain open lines of communication via email or apps.

9. Provide Social-Emotional Support

Children with ADHD often face challenges with peer relationships and emotional regulation.

• Why it works: Social-emotional learning (SEL) programs improve self-awareness, empathy, and interpersonal skills (Elias et al., 2015).

• Implementation: Incorporate SEL lessons into the curriculum and provide access to school counselors for emotional support. Use role-playing activities to teach conflict resolution and social skills.

10. Leverage Technology

Technology can help students with ADHD stay organized and engaged in their learning.

• Why it works: Digital tools cater to diverse learning styles and help students track tasks and deadlines (Radesky et al., 2020).

• Implementation: Use apps like ClassDojo for behavior tracking, Google Calendar for scheduling, or gamified learning platforms to maintain engagement.

Schools have a vital role in supporting children with ADHD by creating inclusive environments, providing individualized accommodations, and teaching skills that foster independence. Through structured routines, positive reinforcement, and open communication with families, schools can empower children with ADHD to succeed academically and socially.

This article was written by John S. Collier, MSW, LCSW. Mr. Collier has over 25 years experience in the social work field. He currently serves as the executive Director and outpatient behavioral health therapist through Southeast Kentucky Behavioral health based out of London Kentucky. John may be reached by phone at 606-657-0532 extension 101 or by email at [email protected].

References

• Barkley, R. A. (2021). Taking Charge of ADHD: The Complete, Authoritative Guide for Parents. Guilford Press.

• DuPaul, G. J., & Stoner, G. (2014). ADHD in the Schools: Assessment and Intervention Strategies. Guilford Publications.

• DuPaul, G. J., et al. (2011). Home-school collaboration in ADHD management. School Psychology Review, 40(4), 494-512.

• Elias, M. J., et al. (2015). Promoting Social and Emotional Learning: Guidelines for Educators. ASCD.

• Halperin, J. M., et al. (2020). Physical activity intervention improves sustained attention and executive functioning in children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 24(10), 1408-1415.

• Millichap, J. G. (2021). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Handbook: A Physician’s Guide to ADHD. Springer.

• Pfeiffer, S. (2022). Routines for children with ADHD: Why they matter and how to build them. Psychology Today.

• Radesky, J., et al. (2020). Digital technology and ADHD: Benefits and risks. Pediatrics, 145(S2), S157-S162.

• Zentall, S. S. (2015). Environmental support for children with ADHD. Behavioral Interventions, 30(3), 153-164.

• Zelazo, P. D., & Lyons, K. E. (2012). Mindfulness training in childhood. Developmental Psychology, 48(5), 1023-1031.

Helping Your Child Learn to Focus with ADHD

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that can make it challenging for children to focus on tasks, complete assignments, or stay organized. While ADHD presents unique challenges, parents can adopt effective strategies to help their child build focus and self-regulation skills. Below are research-backed techniques to support children with ADHD in learning how to focus.

1. Establish a Routine

Children with ADHD thrive on structure and predictability. Creating a daily schedule helps reduce distractions and provides clear expectations.

• Why it works: Routines help children anticipate what comes next, reducing anxiety and impulsivity (Pfeiffer, 2022).

• How to implement: Use visual schedules, timers, and reminders to organize daily activities, including homework, chores, and free time.

2. Break Tasks into Smaller Steps

Long or complex tasks can feel overwhelming for children with ADHD. Breaking assignments into smaller, manageable steps can increase focus and reduce frustration.

• Why it works: Research shows that smaller tasks are less intimidating and allow for frequent moments of accomplishment, reinforcing motivation (Barkley, 2021).

• How to implement: Use checklists or break down projects into timed segments, focusing on one step at a time.

3. Create a Distraction-Free Environment

An organized and distraction-free workspace can significantly improve a child’s ability to concentrate.

• Why it works: Reducing visual and auditory distractions supports sustained attention and task completion (Zentall, 2015).

• How to implement: Set up a dedicated workspace away from televisions, phones, or other distractions. Use noise-canceling headphones if needed.

4. Incorporate Physical Activity

Physical activity can help children with ADHD release pent-up energy and improve cognitive function.

• Why it works: Exercise has been shown to enhance attention and executive functioning in children with ADHD (Halperin et al., 2020).

• How to implement: Incorporate regular breaks for movement, such as stretching, jumping jacks, or a quick walk.

5. Use Positive Reinforcement

Children with ADHD respond well to positive reinforcement when they demonstrate desired behaviors.

• Why it works: Praise and rewards can encourage focus by associating effort with positive outcomes (Millichap, 2021).

• How to implement: Provide specific praise for focused behavior, such as, “Great job working on your math problems for 10 minutes without getting distracted!”

6. Teach Self-Regulation Techniques

Teaching mindfulness and self-regulation strategies can help children recognize when they are losing focus and how to redirect their attention.

• Why it works: Mindfulness has been shown to improve emotional regulation and attention span in children with ADHD (Zelazo & Lyons, 2012).

• How to implement: Practice deep breathing exercises, guided meditation, or focus games like “Mindful Minute.”

7. Leverage Technology Wisely

While excessive screen time can worsen focus issues, using technology designed to aid organization and focus can be beneficial.

• Why it works: Tools such as time management apps or gamified educational programs can enhance engagement (Radesky et al., 2020).

• How to implement: Use apps like Forest or Todoist to encourage task management and accountability.

8. Communicate with Educators

Collaboration with teachers can ensure consistent strategies across home and school environments.

• Why it works: A team-based approach provides continuity in behavioral strategies and accommodations (DuPaul & Stoner, 2014).

• How to implement: Share strategies that work at home and ask teachers for regular updates about your child’s progress.

Supporting a child with ADHD requires patience, consistency, and tailored strategies. By implementing routines, breaking down tasks, creating distraction-free environments, and fostering self-regulation, parents can help their child develop the focus and skills necessary for success. Open communication with educators and professionals can further enhance these efforts, ensuring a supportive and cohesive approach.

This article is written by John S. Collier, MSW, LCSW. Mr. Collier has over 25 years experience in the social work field. He currently serves as executive Director and outpatient behavioral health therapist of Southeast Kentucky Behavioral Health based out of London Kentucky. Mr. Collier may be reached by phone at 606-657-0532 extension 101 or by email at [email protected].

References

• Barkley, R. A. (2021). Taking Charge of ADHD: The Complete, Authoritative Guide for Parents. Guilford Press.

• DuPaul, G. J., & Stoner, G. (2014). ADHD in the Schools: Assessment and Intervention Strategies. Guilford Publications.

• Halperin, J. M., et al. (2020). Physical activity intervention improves sustained attention and executive functioning in children with ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 24(10), 1408-1415.

• Millichap, J. G. (2021). Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Handbook: A Physician’s Guide to ADHD. Springer.

• Pfeiffer, S. (2022). Routines for children with ADHD: Why they matter and how to build them. Psychology Today.

• Radesky, J., et al. (2020). Digital technology and ADHD: Benefits and risks. Pediatrics, 145(S2), S157-S162.

• Zentall, S. S. (2015). Environmental support for children with ADHD. Behavioral Interventions, 30(3), 153-164.

• Zelazo, P. D., & Lyons, K. E. (2012). Mindfulness training in childhood. Developmental Psychology, 48(5), 1023-1031.

Navigating the Transition: Creating a Routine

Part 3 of 7 A Key to Success for Retired Men

For men, retirement can represent a significant life shift, often bringing challenges that stem from the loss of a structured daily routine. After decades of adhering to a work schedule, many retirees find themselves grappling with feelings of aimlessness or a lack of direction. Developing a new routine, one that balances relaxation with purpose, is crucial for both mental and physical health. Establishing this new structure is a critical tool for navigating the post-career chapter of life.

The Psychological Impact of Retirement on Men

Men tend to derive a large part of their identity from their careers. A sudden cessation of professional responsibilities can result in feelings of loss, anxiety, or depression. A study conducted by the American Psychological Association revealed that retirees are 40% more likely to experience clinical depression than those still in the workforce, and men, in particular, may struggle with the emotional ramifications of retirement .

The lack of routine after retirement can exacerbate these feelings. Structure and predictability in daily life provide a sense of control and purpose. When this is removed, retirees may feel a void that leads to dissatisfaction. However, studies suggest that creating a new, personalized routine helps retirees maintain a sense of purpose and offers psychological stability .

Benefits of Creating a Routine in Retirement

  1. Maintaining Mental Health
    A structured day reduces anxiety and depressive symptoms in retirees. By setting goals and adhering to a regular schedule, men can experience a greater sense of achievement and self-worth. Research published in Psychology and Aging demonstrated that retirees who establish routines report better emotional health, including reduced rates of loneliness and anxiety .
  2. Physical Health
    A lack of physical activity is one of the leading risk factors for health deterioration post-retirement. Establishing a routine that includes exercise not only prevents physical decline but also enhances cognitive function. The American Heart Association recommends at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week for older adults . Retirees who incorporate daily walks, swimming, or gym sessions into their routine see marked improvements in both mental and physical health.
  3. Sense of Purpose
    Work provides a purpose beyond financial security. After retirement, this sense of purpose can be maintained by dedicating time to new activities. Whether it’s volunteer work, pursuing hobbies, or learning new skills, incorporating meaningful activities into a daily routine ensures that retirees continue to feel productive and valued.
  4. Improved Sleep Patterns
    Sleep disturbances are common among retirees due to the lack of structured activity during the day. By maintaining a routine, retirees can regulate their sleep-wake cycles. A consistent daily schedule promotes better sleep hygiene, resulting in improved energy levels and mental clarity during the day

Tips for Establishing a Retirement Routine

  1. Set Regular Wake-up and Bedtimes
    While the freedom to wake up without an alarm is a retirement perk, it’s still important to maintain a consistent sleep schedule. This helps regulate the body’s circadian rhythms and improves overall energy and mood.
  2. Plan Physical Activity
    Include exercise in your routine, whether it’s morning walks, gym classes, or yoga. Physical activity promotes cardiovascular health, reduces stress, and helps retirees stay physically independent for longer.
  3. Dedicate Time to Hobbies or Learning
    Retirement is the ideal time to pursue long-held interests or learn something new. Whether it’s painting, gardening, writing, or taking courses in a subject of interest, setting aside time for personal development is key to feeling fulfilled.
  4. Volunteer or Mentor
    Many retirees find that volunteering provides a sense of purpose and connection to the community. Mentoring younger professionals in your previous field can also offer both structure and fulfillment, as well as maintain social engagement .
  5. Schedule Social Interactions
    Loneliness can be a significant issue for retirees, particularly for men who may have relied heavily on work relationships. Scheduling regular meet-ups with friends or family members, or joining clubs or groups, can help retirees stay socially active.

Balancing Flexibility with Routine

While it is essential to create a structured routine, it’s equally important to embrace the flexibility that retirement affords. Many men approach retirement as a “permanent vacation,” but over time, the absence of a routine can lead to boredom and dissatisfaction. Therefore, establishing a framework for the day helps maintain a sense of order, but it should remain flexible enough to accommodate spontaneity.

Having the ability to travel, pursue a new hobby, or simply relax without feeling guilty is one of the great benefits of retirement. Flexibility and routine can coexist harmoniously; for instance, retirees may want to maintain a morning exercise routine while leaving afternoons free for exploration or relaxation.

Conclusion

Creating a routine in retirement is vital for men to transition smoothly from their professional lives to a more leisurely phase. A balanced daily schedule promotes mental and physical health, fosters a sense of purpose, and provides the necessary structure to navigate this major life change. By prioritizing self-care, physical activity, and personal fulfillment, retirees can enjoy their golden years with clarity, happiness, and health.

This article has been written by John S. Collier, MSW, LCSW. Mr. Collier has over 25 years of experience in the social work field and is based in London Kentucky through Southeast Kentucky Behavioral Health, LLC. Mr. Collier may be reached by phone at (606) 657–0532 extension 101 or by email at [email protected].

References

  1. American Heart Association. (2021). Exercise Recommendations for Older Adults. Retrieved from American Heart Association.
  2. Hermanns, L. & Cole, G. (2020). “Retirement and the Importance of Routine: How Structure Improves Health.” Journal of Aging Research, 42(3), 315-328.
  3. Watson, D., & Proctor, S. (2019). “Routines and the Mental Health of Retirees: A Psychological Review.” Psychology and Aging, 34(1), 112-119.
  4. Weiss, D. (2018). “Post-Retirement Routines: How to Plan for the Next Chapter.” Aging and Society, 39(2), 237-249.
  5. Kimmel, M. (2019). Retirement and Masculinity: Understanding Emotional Transitions for Men. New York: Routledge Press.
Navigating the Transition: How Men Can Use Ways to Cope with Adjusting to Life After Retirement

Retirement marks a significant milestone in a man’s life, signaling the end of a long and fulfilling career and the beginning of a new chapter filled with opportunities for leisure, personal growth, and exploration. While retirement can bring about a sense of freedom and relaxation, it can also present challenges as men adjust to a life without the structure and routine of work. Just as Ways helps drivers navigate unfamiliar roads, men can utilize strategies and tools to help them navigate the transition to retirement successfully. Each topic in this article will spark a new article each week in this series on men “Navigating the Transition”

1.  Set New Goals and Priorities: 

Similar to setting a destination in Waze, men should establish new goals and priorities for their retirement years. Whether it’s pursuing a long-held passion, traveling to new destinations, or spending more time with family and friends, having clear goals can provide a sense of direction and purpose in retirement.

2.  Create a Routine

Retirement can disrupt the daily routine that many men are accustomed to during their working years. Establishing a new routine can help create structure and stability in retirement. Setting aside time for exercise, hobbies, social activities, and relaxation can help men adjust to their new lifestyle and maintain a sense of balance.

3.  Stay Socially Connected:

Social connections play a crucial role in mental and emotional well-being. Just as Ways provides real-time updates and traffic information, staying connected with friends, family, and community groups can help men navigate the social landscape of retirement. Joining clubs, volunteering, or participating in group activities can provide opportunities for social interaction and support.

4.  Explore New Opportunities:

Retirement offers a unique opportunity for men to explore new interests and experiences. Just as Ways suggests alternative routes, men should be open to trying new things and stepping outside their comfort zone. Whether it’s learning a new skill, volunteering for a cause they are passionate about, or embarking on a new adventure, embracing new opportunities can enrich their retirement years.

5.  Manage Finances Wisely:

Financial planning is essential for a smooth transition into retirement. Men should review their financial situation, create a budget, and make informed decisions about their retirement savings and investments. Seeking guidance from a financial advisor can help men navigate the financial aspects of retirement and ensure their financial security in the years ahead.

6.  Prioritize Self-Care:

Taking care of one’s physical and mental health is crucial during the retirement years. Just as Ways helps drivers reach their destination safely, men should prioritize self-care activities such as exercise, proper nutrition, adequate sleep, and stress management. Engaging in activities that promote well-being can help men maintain their health and vitality in retirement.

Adjusting to life after retirement is a significant transition for men that requires careful planning, adaptability, and a willingness to embrace new experiences. By utilizing strategies and tools like Ways to navigate the challenges of retirement, men can successfully transition into this new phase of life with confidence and purpose. Retirement is not the end of the road but a new beginning—a time to explore, grow, and enjoy the journey ahead.

This article has been written by John S. Collier, MSW, LCSW. Mr. Collier has over 25 years of experience in the social work field and is based in London Kentucky through Southeast Kentucky Behavioral Health, LLC. Mr. Collier may be reached by phone at (606) 657–0532 extension 101 or by email at [email protected].

Sources:

  1. Ryan, R. (2019). Retirement reinvention: Make your next act your best act. McGraw-Hill Education.
  2. Zelinski, E. J. (2019). How to retire happy, wild, and free: Retirement wisdom that you won’t get from your financial advisor. Ten Speed Press.
  1. Journal of Aging & Social Policy. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.tandfonline.com/journal/wasp20
  2. The Gerontologist. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://academic.oup.com/gerontologist
  1. AARP. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.aarp.org
  2. National Institute on Aging. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.nia.nih.gov
  1. Society of Behavioral Medicine. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sbm.org
  2. American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.apa.org
  1. Employee Benefit Research Institute. (2022). The retirement transition: Insights and strategies. Retrieved from https://www.ebri.org
  2. Psychology Today. (2023). Adjusting to retirement: Psychological perspectives. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com
  3. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.hhs.gov